Efficacy of mirror therapy combined with task-oriented training on upper limb function after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Mirror therapy (MT) and task-oriented training therapy (TOT) are rehabilitation methods used to improve upper limb function in post-stroke patients. However, evidence regarding the efficacy of combining these two interventions is still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of MT with TOT on upper limb function recovery in stroke patients.

Methods: The study search was conducted systematically based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used a combination of MT with TOT in the rehabilitation of stroke patients were included in the analysis. The primary outcomes evaluated included improved upper extremity function, as assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Limb (FMA-UL), and manual dexterity. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool. The pooled mean difference was used as a point estimate using Review Manager v5.4.1.

Results: Eight RCTs (n=465) were included in the analysis. Most studies applied the intervention five days per week with a therapy duration of generally four weeks. The results of the forest plot analysis showed a significant difference in the mean FMA-UL score between the stroke patient group receiving MT with TOT and the control group (MD 6.79; 95%CI 2.95–10.63; p<0.01). However, no significant difference was found in the mean FMA-UL score between the MT with TOT group and the control group (MD 3.02; 95%CI -1.29–7.33; p=0.17).

Conclusion: This study showed that the combination of MT with TOT significantly improved upper extremity motor impairment in post-stroke patients.